A recent cross-sectional study conducted in the Rapti-Sonari Rural Municipality of Banke District, Nepal, has revealed alarming rates of risk factors associated with major non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among adolescents. The study underscores the critical need for early intervention to mitigate health risks that often carry into adulthood.
With approximately 70% of premature adult deaths linked to health-related behaviors originating in childhood, this research aimed to assess the prevalence of NCD risk factors among school-going adolescents. A total of 630 participants, aged 15.5 years on average, were selected using a two-stage cluster sampling method. Data collection was facilitated through a self-administered questionnaire, and statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression, with significance set at p<0.05.
The findings revealed that a staggering 98.4% of adolescents reported insufficient fruit and vegetable intake, while 83.8% were physically inactive. Further analysis indicated that physical activity levels were significantly associated with male gender (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.1) and higher monthly pocket money (AOR: 1.9). Additionally, current alcohol use was reported by 29% of participants, with significant associations found for males (AOR: 2.6) and Tharu ethnicity (AOR: 2.5). Smoking prevalence stood at 8.1%, with male gender (AOR: 2.7) and increased pocket money (AOR: 2.8) as significant predictors.
The study’s conclusions highlight that nearly all adolescents demonstrated at least one behavioral risk factor for NCDs, emphasizing the urgent need for comprehensive interventions. These should include promoting healthy dietary habits, increasing physical activity through extracurricular programs, and enforcing stricter regulations on alcohol and tobacco use within school environments.
As the prevalence of these risk factors is concerning, the implications for public health policy are significant. Stakeholders must prioritize adolescent health initiatives to foster healthier future generations and reduce the long-term burden of NCDs.
- Key Points:
- High prevalence of NCD risk factors among adolescents in rural Nepal.
- Insufficient diet and physical inactivity are major concerns.
- Significant associations with gender and socioeconomic factors.
- Need for comprehensive health interventions and policy enforcement.
Source: bmjpublichealth.bmj.com
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